spiral model

model spiralny

model spiralny

spiraalvormig model

см. тж. build and fix model, iterative development model, rapid prototyping, spiral model, synchronize and stabilize model, waterfall model

см. тж. build and fix model, object-oriented design, rapid prototyping, spiral model, synchronize and stabilize model

см. тж. rapid prototyping, spiral model, synchronize and stabilize model, waterfall model

эк. инфляционная спираль (взаимоусиление двух процессов: роста цен и роста заработной платы; рост цен приводит к тому, что работники требуют повышения заработной платы, повышение заработной платы приводит к росту издержек производства, рост издержек приводит к новому росту цен и т. д.)

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• инфляционная спираль

• инфляционный рост цен

эк. модель (инфляции) Кейгана (эта модель исходит из отрицательной зависимости между спросом на деньги и ожидаемой инфляцией, а также гипотезы адаптивных ожиданий; в результате при достаточно высокой скорости пересмотра оиданий экономика не может прийти к равновесному состоянию, гиперинфляция не затухает, несмотря на стабилизацию темпов роста денежной массы)

SUBJECT AREA: Horology

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Huygens was born into a cultured and privileged class. His father, Constantijn, was a poet and statesman who had wide interests. Constantijn exerted a strong influence on his son, who was educated at home until he reached the age of 16. Christiaan studied law and mathematics at Ley den University from 1645 to 1647, and continued his studies at the Collegium Arausiacum in Breda until 1649. He then lived at The Hague, where he had the means to devote his time entirely to study. In 1666 he became a Member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris and settled there until his return to The Hague in 1681. He also had a close relationship with the Royal Society and visited London on three occasions, meeting Newton on his last visit in 1689. Huygens had a wide range of interests and made significant contributions in mathematics, astronomy, optics and mechanics. He also made technical advances in optical instruments and horology.

Despite the efforts of Burgi there had been no significant improvement in the performance of ordinary clocks and watches from their inception to Huygens's time, as they were controlled by foliots or balances which had no natural period of oscillation. The pendulum appeared to offer a means of improvement as it had a natural period of oscillation that was almost independent of amplitude. Galileo Galilei had already pioneered the use of a freely suspended pendulum for timing events, but it was by no means obvious how it could be kept swinging and used to control a clock. Towards the end of his life Galileo described such a. mechanism to his son Vincenzio, who constructed a model after his father's death, although it was not completed when he himself died in 1642. This model appears to have been copied in Italy, but it had little influence on horology, partly because of the circumstances in which it was produced and possibly also because it differed radically from clocks of that period. The crucial event occurred on Christmas Day 1656 when Huygens, quite independently, succeeded in adapting an existing spring-driven table clock so that it was not only controlled by a pendulum but also kept it swinging. In the following year he was granted a privilege or patent for this clock, and several were made by the clockmaker Salomon Coster of The Hague. The use of the pendulum produced a dramatic improvement in timekeeping, reducing the daily error from minutes to seconds, but Huygens was aware that the pendulum was not truly isochronous. This error was magnified by the use of the existing verge escapement, which made the pendulum swing through a large arc. He overcame this defect very elegantly by fitting cheeks at the pendulum suspension point, progressively reducing the effective length of the pendulum as the amplitude increased. Initially the cheeks were shaped empirically, but he was later able to show that they should have a cycloidal shape. The cheeks were not adopted universally because they introduced other defects, and the problem was eventually solved more prosaically by way of new escapements which reduced the swing of the pendulum. Huygens's clocks had another innovatory feature: maintaining power, which kept the clock going while it was being wound.

Pendulums could not be used for portable timepieces, which continued to use balances despite their deficiencies. Robert Hooke was probably the first to apply a spring to the balance, but his efforts were not successful. From his work on the pendulum Huygens was well aware of the conditions necessary for isochronism in a vibrating system, and in January 1675, with a flash of inspiration, he realized that this could be achieved by controlling the oscillations of the balance with a spiral spring, an arrangement that is still used in mechanical watches. The first model was made for Huygens in Paris by the clockmaker Isaac Thuret, who attempted to appropriate the invention and patent it himself. Huygens had for many years been trying unsuccessfully to adapt the pendulum clock for use at sea (in order to determine longitude), and he hoped that a balance-spring timekeeper might be better suited for this purpose. However, he was disillusioned as its timekeeping proved to be much more susceptible to changes in temperature than that of the pendulum clock.

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1. техника, технические приемы; технология

2. метод; методика; способ

analytical technique

anti-stealth technique

artificial intelligence techniques

backside technique

build-up technique

cartographic techniques

centered-difference integration technique

control technique

control-movement techniques

convergence technique

counter-stealth techniques

curve-fitting technique

de-icing technique

decomposition technique

design technique

display technique

double-balance technique

drop-model technique

dual-stick dropping technique

fatigue prediction technique

fatigue estimation technique

firefighting techniques

flight test technique

flight testing technique

floating shock fitting technique

flux-corrected technique

fly-by-wire technique

flying techniques

forced-oscillation technique

frequency-domain technique

frontside technique

frontside control technique

golden section technique

gradient projection technique

grid generation technique

helideck technique

identification technique

illuminated helium bubble technique

inspection technique

integration technique

interferometer technique

maneuver technique

mapping techniques

maximum likelihood estimation technique

measuring technique

model reference technique

model-based technique

Moire techniques

moving model technique

multivariable technique

multivariable synthesis technique

noise canceling technique

operational techniques

optimal-control technique

painting technique

parameter-insensitive technique

pilot technique

predictor-corrector technique

pulse-echo technique

quadratic control technique

radar-reflection-reducing technique

recognition technique

recursive technique

repair technique

rigid body maneuvering technique

robust technique

root locus synthesis technique

scattering technique

scheduling technique

sealing technique

shadowgraph technique

spiral departure technique

state-space technique

stealth techniques

stealthy techniques

stickshaker technique

sublimating chemical technique

superelement technique

superplastic forming/diffusion bonding techniques

surface mount technique

surface mounting technique

tail-dragger technique

taxy technique

test technique

torquing technique

trailing cone technique

transformation technique

tufting technique

vapor-screen technique

visualization technique

VTO technique

weight-saving structural technique

weighted least-squares solution technique

1) Общая лексика: переводимое слово, слово на языке исходного текста перевода, слово на языке оригинала, source word

2) Компьютерная техника: Single Wait

3) Авиация: ДКМВ (радиодиапазон)

4) Медицина: РСИ (работник( работница) секс-индустрии), sex worker

5) Американизм: Secret Weapon

6) Спорт: Stakes Winners

7) Военный термин: Special Weapons, Starlight Warriors, Surface Warfare, Swedish Warlord, security watch, security wing, security writing, signals warfare, small warship, software, special warfare, special weapon, strategic warfare, strategic weapon, strategic wing

8) Техника: Sky Wagon, Socket Weld, Weinberg-Salam model, series winding, service water, short waves, side wall, space weapon, standing wave

9) Химия: Solvent Water

10) Железнодорожный термин: Southwestern Railroad Company

11) Грубое выражение: Shitty Wigger

12) Металлургия: stud welding

13) Политика: Sweden

14) Сокращение: Secretary of War, Shallow Water (mine-detection), South-West, Strategic Wing (USAF), SuperWorld, Surface Wave, Swahili, Sweden (NATO country code), shock wave, short-wave, single weight, southwest, spot-weld, swash, switchband wound (relay), softwood (хвойный)

15) Физиология: Stab wound, Swollen, Swelling

16) Электроника: Sandwich Wound

17) Вычислительная техника: shareware, ПО (программное обеспечение)

18) Нефть: salt wash, seawater, sidewall, spiral weld, боковой отбор керна (side wall), спиральный сварной шов (spiral weld), промывка солёной водой (salt wash), солёная вода (salt water)

19) Картография: south-western

20) Транспорт: Single Wheel, Station Wagon, Super Wide

21) Пищевая промышленность: Slime Worm

22) Фирменный знак: Shapiro Weber, Smith And Waterman, Sony Worldwide, Stewart Warner

23) Деловая лексика: Strength Weakness, Sweatshop Watch

24) Бурение: saltwater, боковой (sidewall; отбор керна), юго-запад (southwest)

25) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: приварной враструб

26) Образование: Small Wonders

27) Сетевые технологии: блок переключателей, переключатель

28) Полимеры: specific weight

29) Программирование: Set Word, Single Word, Store Word

30) Океанография: Saturated Warm

31) Химическое оружие: Solid waste

32) Авиационная медицина: simulated weightlessness

33) Интернет: Семантическая паутина, Semantic Web

34) Расширение файла: Signed Word Audio file

35) Нефть и газ: switch gear

36) Каспий: shallow water

37) Фантастика Star Wars

38) Имена и фамилии: Stanislaw Wladyslaw

39) Hi-Fi. коротковолновый диапазон радиовещания с частотами от 5, 5 МГц до 27 МГц

40) Должность: Semi Works, Social Worker

41) Чат: Some Wouldn't

42) NYSE. Stone & Webster, Inc.

43) НАСА: Super Wobbling

44) Программное обеспечение: Standard Works

45) СМС: So What?

1) Общая лексика: переводимое слово, слово на языке исходного текста перевода, слово на языке оригинала, source word

2) Компьютерная техника: Single Wait

3) Авиация: ДКМВ (радиодиапазон)

4) Медицина: РСИ (работник( работница) секс-индустрии), sex worker

5) Американизм: Secret Weapon

6) Спорт: Stakes Winners

7) Военный термин: Special Weapons, Starlight Warriors, Surface Warfare, Swedish Warlord, security watch, security wing, security writing, signals warfare, small warship, software, special warfare, special weapon, strategic warfare, strategic weapon, strategic wing

8) Техника: Sky Wagon, Socket Weld, Weinberg-Salam model, series winding, service water, short waves, side wall, space weapon, standing wave

9) Химия: Solvent Water

10) Железнодорожный термин: Southwestern Railroad Company

11) Грубое выражение: Shitty Wigger

12) Металлургия: stud welding

13) Политика: Sweden

14) Сокращение: Secretary of War, Shallow Water (mine-detection), South-West, Strategic Wing (USAF), SuperWorld, Surface Wave, Swahili, Sweden (NATO country code), shock wave, short-wave, single weight, southwest, spot-weld, swash, switchband wound (relay), softwood (хвойный)

15) Физиология: Stab wound, Swollen, Swelling

16) Электроника: Sandwich Wound

17) Вычислительная техника: shareware, ПО (программное обеспечение)

18) Нефть: salt wash, seawater, sidewall, spiral weld, боковой отбор керна (side wall), спиральный сварной шов (spiral weld), промывка солёной водой (salt wash), солёная вода (salt water)

19) Картография: south-western

20) Транспорт: Single Wheel, Station Wagon, Super Wide

21) Пищевая промышленность: Slime Worm

22) Фирменный знак: Shapiro Weber, Smith And Waterman, Sony Worldwide, Stewart Warner

23) Деловая лексика: Strength Weakness, Sweatshop Watch

24) Бурение: saltwater, боковой (sidewall; отбор керна), юго-запад (southwest)

25) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: приварной враструб

26) Образование: Small Wonders

27) Сетевые технологии: блок переключателей, переключатель

28) Полимеры: specific weight

29) Программирование: Set Word, Single Word, Store Word

30) Океанография: Saturated Warm

31) Химическое оружие: Solid waste

32) Авиационная медицина: simulated weightlessness

33) Интернет: Семантическая паутина, Semantic Web

34) Расширение файла: Signed Word Audio file

35) Нефть и газ: switch gear

36) Каспий: shallow water

37) Фантастика Star Wars

38) Имена и фамилии: Stanislaw Wladyslaw

39) Hi-Fi. коротковолновый диапазон радиовещания с частотами от 5, 5 МГц до 27 МГц

40) Должность: Semi Works, Social Worker

41) Чат: Some Wouldn't

42) NYSE. Stone & Webster, Inc.

43) НАСА: Super Wobbling

44) Программное обеспечение: Standard Works

45) СМС: So What?

1) Общая лексика: переводимое слово, слово на языке исходного текста перевода, слово на языке оригинала, source word

2) Компьютерная техника: Single Wait

3) Авиация: ДКМВ (радиодиапазон)

4) Медицина: РСИ (работник( работница) секс-индустрии), sex worker

5) Американизм: Secret Weapon

6) Спорт: Stakes Winners

7) Военный термин: Special Weapons, Starlight Warriors, Surface Warfare, Swedish Warlord, security watch, security wing, security writing, signals warfare, small warship, software, special warfare, special weapon, strategic warfare, strategic weapon, strategic wing

8) Техника: Sky Wagon, Socket Weld, Weinberg-Salam model, series winding, service water, short waves, side wall, space weapon, standing wave

9) Химия: Solvent Water

10) Железнодорожный термин: Southwestern Railroad Company

11) Грубое выражение: Shitty Wigger

12) Металлургия: stud welding

13) Политика: Sweden

14) Сокращение: Secretary of War, Shallow Water (mine-detection), South-West, Strategic Wing (USAF), SuperWorld, Surface Wave, Swahili, Sweden (NATO country code), shock wave, short-wave, single weight, southwest, spot-weld, swash, switchband wound (relay), softwood (хвойный)

15) Физиология: Stab wound, Swollen, Swelling

16) Электроника: Sandwich Wound

17) Вычислительная техника: shareware, ПО (программное обеспечение)

18) Нефть: salt wash, seawater, sidewall, spiral weld, боковой отбор керна (side wall), спиральный сварной шов (spiral weld), промывка солёной водой (salt wash), солёная вода (salt water)

19) Картография: south-western

20) Транспорт: Single Wheel, Station Wagon, Super Wide

21) Пищевая промышленность: Slime Worm

22) Фирменный знак: Shapiro Weber, Smith And Waterman, Sony Worldwide, Stewart Warner

23) Деловая лексика: Strength Weakness, Sweatshop Watch

24) Бурение: saltwater, боковой (sidewall; отбор керна), юго-запад (southwest)

25) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: приварной враструб

26) Образование: Small Wonders

27) Сетевые технологии: блок переключателей, переключатель

28) Полимеры: specific weight

29) Программирование: Set Word, Single Word, Store Word

30) Океанография: Saturated Warm

31) Химическое оружие: Solid waste

32) Авиационная медицина: simulated weightlessness

33) Интернет: Семантическая паутина, Semantic Web

34) Расширение файла: Signed Word Audio file

35) Нефть и газ: switch gear

36) Каспий: shallow water

37) Фантастика Star Wars

38) Имена и фамилии: Stanislaw Wladyslaw

39) Hi-Fi. коротковолновый диапазон радиовещания с частотами от 5, 5 МГц до 27 МГц

40) Должность: Semi Works, Social Worker

41) Чат: Some Wouldn't

42) NYSE. Stone & Webster, Inc.

43) НАСА: Super Wobbling

44) Программное обеспечение: Standard Works

45) СМС: So What?

1) резание, обработка резанием; резка, отрезка

2) pl стружка

•

- 2D profile cutting

- overhead way machine

1) Компьютерная техника: Personal Status Message - Личный статус (в социальных сетях)

2) Американизм: Please See Me

3) Военный термин: Persistant Stored Modules, Personnel Status Monitor, passed Royal Military School of Music, personnel subsystems management, platoon sergeant major, power system module, product support manual, program support management, propellant storage module, provost sergeant major

4) Техника: pulse-slope modulation

5) Шутливое выражение: Phantom Space Monkeys

6) Математика: Parallel Slit Map

7) Юридический термин: Port State Measures

8) Автомобильный термин: Porsche Stability Management (система курсовой устойчивости, используемая в автомобилях Porsche)

9) Сокращение: Parcel Sorting Machine, Postal Service Manual (obsolete, see POM), Protection snd Security Module, Protective Security Manual, prism

10) Электроника: Phase Shift Mask

11) Вычислительная техника: persistent stored module, Personal Software Marketing (IBM), Persistent Storage Manager (Maxtor), Persistent Stored Modules (SQL), модуль поддержки платформы

12) Нефть: seamless pipe, spiral pipe

13) СМИ: Play Station Magazine

14) Деловая лексика: Pragmatic Service Management, Purchasing And Supply Management

15) Бурение: бесшовная труба (pipe, seamless)

16) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: обеспечение безопасности производственного процесса (process safety management)

17) Менеджмент: Procurement and Supply Management (Управление материально-техническим снабжением)

18) Сетевые технологии: Platform Support Module, Platform-Specific Module, protection and secure module, модуль защиты и обеспечения секретности

19) Программирование: platform-specific model

20) Сахалин Р: process safety management

21) Сахалин Ю: project surveillance manager

22) Химическое оружие: Project Systems Manager

23) Авиационная медицина: psychomotor

24) Расширение файла: Printing Systems Manager, Music format (Protracker Studio Module), Symbol table of IDE (Turbo Pascal)

25) Нефтеперерабатывающие заводы: организация обеспечения ТБ

26) Электротехника: power system model, protection system malfunction

27) Должность: Professional Staff Member

28) НАСА: Priority Select Module, Project Security Manager

1) бак; цистерна; танк

2) резервуар

3) ванна, чан

4) водохранилище; (искусственный) водоём; бассейн

5) ванная стекловаренная печь

6) сил. шламбассейн

7) наливать в резервуар

8) хранить в резервуаре

9) резонансный контур

10) металлический корпус ( ртутного выпрямителя)

11) блок ЗУ на акустических линиях задержки

12) кфт. ба(чо)к